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MongoDB Examples With Golang

While looking into working with mongodb using golang, I found it quite frustrating getting it up and running and decided to make a quick post about it.

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What are we doing?

Examples using the golang driver for mongodb to connect, read, update and delete documents from mongodb.

Environment:

Provision a mongodb server in docker:

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$ docker network create container-net
$ docker run -itd --name mongodb --network container-net -p 27017:27017 ruanbekker/mongodb

Drop into a golang environment using docker:

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$ docker run -it golang:alpine sh

Get the dependencies:

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$ apk add --no-cache git

Change to your project path:

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$ mkdir $GOPATH/src/myapp
$ cd $GOPATH/src/myapp

Download the golang mongodb driver:

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$ go get go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver

Connecting to MongoDB in Golang

First example will be to connect to your mongodb instance:

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package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/options"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
    City string
}

func main() {
    clientOptions := options.Client().ApplyURI("mongodb://mongodb:27017")
    client, err := mongo.Connect(context.TODO(), clientOptions)

    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    err = client.Ping(context.TODO(), nil)

    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    fmt.Println("Connected to MongoDB!")

}

Running our app:

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$ go run main.go
Connected to MongoDB!

Writing to MongoDB with Golang

Let’s insert a single document to MongoDB:

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func main() {
    ..
    collection := client.Database("mydb").Collection("persons")

    ruan := Person{"Ruan", 34, "Cape Town"}

    insertResult, err := collection.InsertOne(context.TODO(), ruan)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Println("Inserted a Single Document: ", insertResult.InsertedID)
}

Running it will produce:

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$ go run main.go
Connected to MongoDB!
Inserted a single document:  ObjectID("5cb717dcf597b4411252341f")

Writing more than one document:

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func main() {
    ..
    collection := client.Database("mydb").Collection("persons")

    ruan := Person{"Ruan", 34, "Cape Town"}
    james := Person{"James", 32, "Nairobi"}
    frankie := Person{"Frankie", 31, "Nairobi"}

    trainers := []interface{}{james, frankie}

    insertManyResult, err := collection.InsertMany(context.TODO(), trainers)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  }
    fmt.Println("Inserted multiple documents: ", insertManyResult.InsertedIDs)
}

This will output in:

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$ go run main.go
Inserted Multiple Documents:  [ObjectID("5cb717dcf597b44112523420") ObjectID("5cb717dcf597b44112523421")]

Updating Documents in MongoDB using Golang

Updating Frankie’s age:

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func main() {
    ..
    filter := bson.D
    update := bson.D{
        {"$inc", bson.D{
            {"age", 1},
        }},
    }

    updateResult, err := collection.UpdateOne(context.TODO(), filter, update)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  }
    fmt.Printf("Matched %v documents and updated %v documents.\n", updateResult.MatchedCount, updateResult.ModifiedCount)
}

Running that will update Frankie’s age:

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$ go run main.go
Matched 1 documents and updated 1 documents.

Reading Data from MongoDB

Reading the data:

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funct main() {
    ..
    filter := bson.D
    var result Trainer

  err = collection.FindOne(context.TODO(), filter).Decode(&result)
  if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  fmt.Printf("Found a single document: %+v\n", result)

  findOptions := options.Find()
    findOptions.SetLimit(2)

}

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$ go run main.go
Found a single document: {Name:Frankie Age:32 City:Nairobi}

Finding multiple documents and returning the cursor

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func main() {
    ..
    var results []*Trainer
  cur, err := collection.Find(context.TODO(), bson.D, findOptions)
  if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  for cur.Next(context.TODO()) {
      var elem Trainer
      err := cur.Decode(&elem)
      if err != nil {
          log.Fatal(err)
      }

      results = append(results, &elem)
  }

  if err := cur.Err(); err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  cur.Close(context.TODO())
    fmt.Printf("Found multiple documents (array of pointers): %+v\n", results)
}

Running the example:

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$ go run main.go
Found multiple documents (array of pointers): [0xc0001215c0 0xc0001215f0]

Deleting Data from MongoDB:

Deleting our data and closing the connection:

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func main(){
    ..
    deleteResult, err := collection.DeleteMany(context.TODO(), bson.D)
  if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  fmt.Printf("Deleted %v documents in the trainers collection\n", deleteResult.DeletedCount)

  err = client.Disconnect(context.TODO())

  if err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
  } else {
      fmt.Println("Connection to MongoDB closed.")
  }
}

Running the example:

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$ go run main.go
Deleted 3 documents in the trainers collection
Connection to MongoDB closed.

The code for this example can be found at github.com/ruanbekker/code-examples/mongodb/golang/examples.go

Resources: